Under the background of vocational education reform, traditional teaching methods have struggled to meet students’ learning needs, making innovation in Chinese language teaching at secondary vocational schools an inevitable trend. The concept of deep learning emphasizes that students should independently engage in learning and inquiry to deepen their understanding and mastery of knowledge. Guided by the philosophy of deep learning, it is possible to fully mobilize students’ subjective initiative, foster the development of their thinking abilities, and enhance their core Chinese language competencies. Based on this, this paper briefly expounds on the basic concept of deep learning, analyzes the teaching requirements for the Chinese language in the context of deep learning, and further proposes detailed teaching strategies, with the expectation of providing useful references for relevant educators.