With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence, ideological and political (I&P) education in higher vocational colleges is transforming toward personalization and precision. Supported by AI technologies such as content generation, algorithm recommendation, and multimodal interaction, I&P education has been comprehensively upgraded and innovated in content production, interactive processes, and evaluation feedback. However, technological empowerment does not progress linearly, and many practical dilemmas have emerged in the integration of AI and I&P education. This paper expounds the integration dilemmas from the dimensions of algorithmic bias, technological dependence, and data overreach, and then constructs a personalized and precise I&P education model from the aspects of technical infrastructure construction, content supply innovation, evaluation paradigm transformation, and subject literacy improvement. It aims to promote the integrated leap of I&P education and artificial intelligence, and provide theoretical reference and practical approaches for the implementation of the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education in the new era.